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===== LegalRuleML (Tara) =====

Use Case of a Generic Criminal Legal System

with input from (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_Criminal_Procedure#Parties)

Actors
Parties may have agents acting on their behalf, and these agents may be restricted in their access to the KB to some subset of the authority of the Party.

  - Judges - may be different depending on stage of proceedings
  - suspect
  - defendant
  - prosecutor
  - police
  - injured party
  - civilly-liable party (to pay damages and/or fines)
  - counsel (lawyers) for suspect/defendant
  - witnesses
  - experts
  - courts
  - jury (not in Italy)
  - legislature

Actions
The particular actions are roughly categorized based on CRUD
  * Create (POST)
  * Read   (GET)
  * Update (PUT/PATCH)
  * Delete (DELETE)

Note that the difference between Create and Update is a function of the modularity of the KB. In a highly modular architecture, a new table/knowledgebase-module may be created when a law is passed, when an investigation is opened, etc.. In a less modular architecture, these actions may be Updates rather than Creates.

  - (*CRU) pass, modify and annul *laws* - Legislature
  - (*R) query (including semantic query) to legal KB for details of the legal code - General Public
  - (*CRU) maintain records of investigations - Prosecutor, Judges, Defendant, Counsel, Police
  - (CRU) initiate proceedings - Prosecutor
  - (CRU) call a hearing - Judge
  - (*CRU) file requests (authorization to conduct investigations, such as wire-tapping) - Prosecutor
  - (*CRU) issue an order (e.g. authorizing investigations), *with explanation* - Judge
  - (CRU) appeal an order - Prosecutor, Counsel
  - (RU) drop charges - Prosecutor
  - (CRU) proceed to trial - Judge, Prosecutor
  - (*CRU) file a brief -  Counsel
  - (CRU) summon witness or expert - Prosecutor, Counsel
  - (*CRU) provide testimony or expert judgement - Witness, Expert, Defendant, Injured Party
  - (*RU) convict/acquit, *with explanation*   - Judge, Jury
  - (*CRU) issue a sentence - Judge
  - (CRU) appeal a conviction - Prosecutor, Counsel
  - (*RU) reverse, amend or quash a decision,  *with explanation* - Judge
  - (UD) delete/expunge records - Court
  - (CRU) manage records on payment of penalties, imprisonment, etc -  Court

Those items with * are the services that go beyond the capability of an ordinary database, requiring encoding of natural language texts into a knowledge representation language and performing specialized actions, such as parsing or (semantic) querying, on that encoding.
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