Serialization

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Data Serialization is the process of converting data objects present in complex data structures into a byte stream for storage, transfer and distribution purposes on physical devices.

Choice of data serialization format for an application depends on factors such as data complexity, need for human readability, speed and storage space constraints. Binary, XML, JSON, BSON, YAML, MessagePack, and protobuf are some commonly used data serialization formats.

Source: Serialization