====== 2.3.4.1.1 Data Cognitive Layer ======
[[dido:public:ra:1.2_views:3_taxonomic:4_data_tax:01_cog_taxonomy:start | Return to Cognitive Taxonomy of Data]]

The Data Cognitive Layer is the lowest level of the Cognitive Model. See: [[dido:public:ra:xapend:xapend.i_cog_model:start]]

<figure>
{{  :dido:public:ra:1.2_views:3_taxonomic:4_data_tax:01_cog_taxonomy:screen_shot_2021-09-29_at_10.41.57_am.png?600  |}}
<caption>The Data Layer of the Cognitive Model</caption>
</figure>

Yingxu Wang ((
Yingxu Wang,
__Formal Cognitive Models of Data, Information, Knowledge, and Intelligence__,
WSEAS Transactions on Computers
Accessed: 29 September 2021,
E-ISSN: 2224-287, Column 14, 2015, Page 770-781
[[http://www.wseas.us/journal/pdf/computers/2015/b5072610-109.pdf]]
)) describes **Data** as the most fundamental cognitive objects in the brain that link real-world entities and their attributes to mental abstractions via sensors and quantities. Wang goes on to define **Data** as an abstract representation of the quantity of real-world entities or abstract objects according to specific quantification scales. 


Stavros and Albrant ((
Stavros, Robert W. and
Albrant, Jeremiah;
__Engineering Governance__,
SPAWAR,
October 9, 2007,
)) define **Data** as a raw concept; it simply exists and has no significance beyond its existence (in and of itself). It is the basis upon which **Information** concepts are built.

/**=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
/* To add a discussion page to this page, comment out the line that says 
  ~~DISCUSSION:off~~
*/
~~DISCUSSION:on|Outstanding Issues~~
~~DISCUSSION:off~~