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A Graph DataBase is a NoSQL-type database system based on a topographical network structure. The idea stems from graph theory in mathematics, where graphs represent data sets using nodes, edges, and properties.

• Nodes or points are instances or entities of data which represent any object to be tracked, such as people, accounts, locations, etc.
• Edges or lines are the critical concepts in graph databases which represent relationships between nodes. The connections have a direction that is either unidirectional (one way) or bidirectional (two way).
• Properties represent descriptive information associated with nodes. In some cases, edges have properties as well.

Source: https://phoenixnap.com/kb/graph-database