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The Datatype of a value (or variable in some contexts) is an attribute that tells what kind of data that value can have. Most often the term is used in connection with static typing of variables in programming languages like C/C++, Java and C# etc, where the type of a variable is known at compile time. Data types include the storage classifications like integers, floating point values, strings, characters etc.

Data types define particular characteristics of data used in software programs and inform the compilers about predefined attributes required by specific variables or associated data objects.

Source: Datatype