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Topic Name, while it is true that the Data Distribution Service (DDS) API specification does not mention a limit for Topic names, the complementary DDS Wire Protocol specification: Real-time Publish-Subscribe (RTPS) protocol (http://www.omg.org/spec/DDSI-RTPS/2.2) does state that Topic names shall not exceed 256 characters (see Table 9.12).
So the 256 character limit on Topic name lengths imposed by the Real Time Innovations (RTI)'s DDS implementation is not arbitrary. It is precisely what is required to be interoperable with other DDS implementations.
Source: Topic Name